i have a project that i am doing about wind turbines and i want to know how much does one wind turbine give out in a year?
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power is a rate. Power in a year is a meaningless statement. Perhaps you mean energy in a year.
large wind turbines vary from 1MW to 6MW. I’ll use 2MW as typical.
2MW is the power, and it puts that out as long as the wind is blowing.
2MW is 2MJoules of energy each second. That is 6.3e13 Joules per year. (multiplying by 60x60x24x365.25 seconds in a year)
in other units, that is 1.75e10 watt-hours per year, or 1.75e7 kW-hrs per year.
But typical usage for a wind turbine is 20%, ie, you only get 20% of the max power, because the wind is erratic. So multiply all the numbers by 20% for a more realistic number.
How long is a piece of string?
This is a simple version of the analysis you can do. First thing you need is the power curve of the wind turbine, that is a plot or table showing how much power in kW it can generate at different wind speeds. A large one starts generating at about 5km to 10 km per hour, and has very little power at that speed. It might be half power at 15 to 18 km/h. Full output at 22 to 28 km/h. The full output ranges from 100W or so for small ones on yachts to around 3MW for really huge ones.
The next thing is to analyse the wind, which you have recorded. Here is a basic description. You will notice the wind varies a lot. That can be handled by mathematics that models the turbines response to the wind. You can just average the wind instead, say over 5 minute periods, to simplify. You get a single speed estimate from each 5 minute period of the year. If the wind records seem steady over longer than those 5 minute periods, you can make the speed estimates over some other time, like 1/2 hourly.
Create bins for each speed range. There may be 6 of them up to 30 km/h, and one for over 30 km/h. You may have a bin for each 5 km per hour of wind speed, or less. Extract the 5 minute speed estimates into bins.
Work out how many hours at each wind speed, from the number of speed estimates in each bin. Knowing the power that the turbine provides for each speed, in kW, you can now work out the kWh for each speed as KW x h.
FInally add all the kilowatt hours up to get energy per year.
This is a simplified procedure. A real one takes into account estimates of seasonal variation, effects of wind across the terrain, and at different heights to the recording. We also made the assumption that every watt that could be generated was used. This only applies when connected to a grid that is happy to take all that it gets.
Hope that helps. Tip, use a spreadsheet programme if you can.
It depends a lot on the design and size of the wind turbine and the speed of the wind. There are several designs available from farm sized clustered wind turbines that can power neighborhoods to smaller home built turbines that can produce between 10kW to 100kW.
There’s a great article with links to turbine designs located here:
http://diy-wind-power.info/